Country+Research


 * Location
 * Sudan- Africa, bordered by Ethiopia, Libya, North of South Sudan, South of Egypt, and C.A.R (Central African Republic), touching the Red Sea.
 * South Sudan- Africa, bordered by Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, CAR, and Sudan
 * GDP per capita
 * Sudan and South Sudan- 3,000 per capita (2011)
 * the growth rate was -.2% for 2011
 * official exchange rate is 63.3 billion
 * Economy Overview
 * Overview- very poor, esp when South Sudan succeeded and took 2/3 oil production with it.
 * Mostly based on agriculture (80%), few on industries (7%) and some on services (13%)
 * Industries- oil, cotton ginning, textiles, cement, edible oils, sugar, soap distilling, shoes, petroleum refining, pharmaceuticals, armaments, automobile/light truck assembly
 * Agriculture goods- cotton, groundnuts (peanuts), sorghum, millet, wheat, gum arabic, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca), mangos, papaya, bananas, sweet potatoes, sesame; sheep, livestock
 * Debt of 39.71 billion, public debt is 93.5% of GDP
 * Trading Partners- China 56.3%, Japan 30%, Indonesia 4.9%
 * Sudan Pounds to US Dollars- 2.1
 * Inflation rate- 16%
 * Unemployment rate- 18.7%

4. Type of Governmnet
 * Sudan- Republic (National Congress Party and Sudan People's Liberation Movement)
 * Capital- Khaloum
 * 25 states in administration
 * Independence Day- January 1, 1956
 * Political Parties and People- National Congress Party or NCP [Umar Hassan al-BASHIR]; Sudan People's Liberation Movement or SPLM [Salva KIIR]; and elements of the National Democratic Alliance or NDA including factions of the Democratic Union Party [Muhammad Uthman al-MIRGHANI] and Umma Party; Popular Congress Party or PCP [Hassan al-TURABI]
 * South Sudan- Republic
 * Capital- Juba
 * 10 States in the administration
 * Independence Day- July 9, 2011
 * Important Parties and people- Sudan People's Liberation Movement or SPLM; National Congress Party or NCP; Sudan People's Liberation Movement for Democratic Change or SPLM-DC


 * Current leader(s)
 * President = Omar Hassan al-Bashir (ruled since 1989; president since 1996)
 * currently faced w/ 2 international arrest warrants for charges on genocide, crimes, and crimes against humanity - result of conflict w/ western Darfur where govt. vs. rebels = violence, disease, displacement, deaths
 * disregarded allegations and travels to other countries (goes against indictment)
 * 2nd vice president = Ali Osman Taha - loyalist, member Bashir's National Congress Party


 * international/domestic issues
 * UN has accused pro-govt. Arab militias in Darfur of promoting campaign of getting rid of non-Arab locals
 * thought of as terrorism-supporting nation but allowed independence of South Sudan = attempt to reconcile and prove they are putting in an effort to decrease violence
 * 2012 non-agression pact signed b/w n. Sudan and s. Sudan
 * Other important info
 * July 2011 split into 2 states: North and South Sudan; plagued by civil wars
 * South Sudan = mainly Africans, North Sudan = ruled by Arabs
 * Major religions: Islam, Christianity, Animism
 * Arab is official lang., Islam = state religion

Sudan is already considered a nation associated with terrorism as evidenced by the accusations the UN has made towards President Bashir and the internal conflicts that are taking place. The secession of South Sudan from the rest of the nation brought the entire nation into economic decline, especially involving oil sources. This economic decline may help support the fact that Sudan may be involved with some types of terrorism in order to better its economy or put down rebels within the nation.


 * Have any acts of terror occured in country? (date, perpetrator, motives)
 * Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) carried out attacks areas between Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, and Southern Sudan The UN estimated that in 2010, LRA attacks displaced 25,000 southern Sudanese.
 * March 10, 2008 New Islam/Arab alliance formed -> considered terrorist organization b/c claimed to
 * What has country done to combat terrorism? (laws, organizations, campaigns, etc. that deal w/ terrorism)
 * Money Laundering and Terrorism Financing Act of 2010 - worked w/ U.S. to investigate financial crimes related to terrorism
 * part of African Union (AU) (partnered w/ Uganda, Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic) - announced campaign against LRA
 * What actions had country taken on terrorism internationally? Does Sudan help other countries who are victims of terrorism? How?
 * Sudan cooperates with U.S. to help area in/around Sudan fight terrorism
 * Is country member of international organization/coalition working to stop terrorism?
 * United Nations
 * What role would country like to see international community take to address problem of terrorism?
 * Sudan appears to want other countries to work towards the end of terrorism